Literature review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Literature review - Assignment Example A payment contract is a structured negotiation between a supplier and a company. In this case, the company can pay the supplier a penalty or take the products from a supplier. The company and supplier agree on a payment method for all products. Additionally, the company must pay the supplier for products not taken. This is based on an agreed ceiling. Organizational managers need to recognize the methods they can use to finance international trade in order to conduct importing and exporting with an aim of maximizing the value of their organization. Pol Antras and Fritz Foley (2011) wrote an article in which they explored international trade finance practices. Their study analyzed some of the most important financial terms that support international trade (Antras & Foley, 2011, p. 7). The study provided opportunities for understanding how the financial terms affect trade. Antras and Foley (2011) used detailed transaction level information and data from a U.S based firm that exported refrigerated and frozen food products. The researchers began by outlining broad patterns on the use of different financing terms. The patterns helped in identifying a model for a trade finance mode, which is shaped by the risk that importers may default on exporters. Additionally, the model is based on the probability that exporters may fail to deliver goods according to the contract. According to the researchers, the empirical results of the study show that transactions may occur on letter of credit terms, and cash in advance in case the importer o perates in a country that has weak contractual enforcement. Exporters rarely use letters of credit. The need for prepayment diminishes as importers and exporters establish a relationship. Managers of multinational corporations need to decide the best financing terms for their transactions. Exporters may need importers to pay for ordered goods before the goods are loaded for shipment, or they may allow

The war in syria and its consequences on lebanon Research Paper - 1

The war in syria and its consequences on lebanon - Research Paper Example The armed opposition is an alliance of various groups, which were formed during the conflict to protect the civilian protestors and face off the government forces. This civil conflict has however progressed to become a regional problem, affecting other countries that have remained neutral to the domestic issues that are facing the country. As opposed to being an effort to eliminate Assad leadership in Syria, the conflict has graduated into a sectarian conflict, leading to emergence of Alawite government forces and pro-government militias made up of members of the Shia tribe (White 16). The opposition is dominated by members of the Sunni tribe, a situation that has led to an increase in foreign interference in the course of the war. For example, in 2013, the Hezbollah terrorist group joined the civil war to fight alongside government forces and defeat the Sunni dominated opposition forces. As the war progresses, its impacts have been felt beyond the borders of Syria, spilling to neighboring countries, which are currently, faced with major insecurity challenges. Lebanon, a country with the longest borderline with Syria is considered as one of the few neighboring countries that have significantly been affected by the civil war. As a result, the Syrian conflict has had significant security challenges to Lebanon as the fight has virtually spilt into the country. This has further affected the economy and the healthcare sector in the country as major basic and social amenities are suspended as has been witnessed in the war torn Syria (Dahi 12). Despite the ravaging ramification of the Syrian internal conflict, scholars have made little effort to bring to the fore its effects to peace and stability in neighboring countries. Efforts have concentrated on how the war has affected the social and economic stability of Syria and how the Assad and opposition